Friday, September 11, 2020

World Wide Web


 What do you mean by World Wide Web ?

 World Wide Web or W3 or WWW is the leading Information retreival service of

 Internet. WWW was Invented by Tim Berner's Lee in 1989. Tim Berner's Vision of

Information Management led to the development of Web which is basically containing

Information in the form of hypertext or links.

The Three fundamental Technologies related to the Web are as follows:

 HTML- The language used for designing website which is hosted in Internet

 URL:   Uniform Resource Locator or the address of the website which is address

              of any websites.

HTTP:  Hyper Text Transfer Protocol which is used fro retrieval of Information 

             from Internet 

World Wide Web got rapid acceptance when the world's first web browser was developed

called as Mosaic . However it was not only limited to Mosaic as with the coming time

after Mosaic, Netscape navigator came into existence and By the mid 1990 world wide 

web occupied a massive billion base customers .

 In 1995 the software giant Microsoft developed its own browser Internet Explorer

which came Integrated with Windows operating system thereby reducing competition

of  browser .


Some basic Concepts related to World Wide Web.

  1. Uniform Resource Locator(URL):

      It is the address of any website which we search on web .It is located in 

      address bar of any browser you are using.for eg:  www.blogger.com,

      www.google.com etc etc  The URL  or address is basically address on

      the web which basically relates to resources in the form of HTML page,

      videos, images,documents.

2. Domain Name System(DNS):

     Well Domain Name System is used to Translate the address of any website into

     IP addressess  that browsers can reload the particular resources. Each website

     in the Internet has particular IP address which is in the form of numbers like

     173.194.34.97. DNS eliminate the need for human to remember such complicated

     numbers and thereby translate the domain you enter into computer readable IP

     format .

 

 3. Address Resolution in DNS:

     When a Domain Name is Mapped to an IP address it is known as address 

      resolution in DNS. Steps are as follows:

     1. User types the address in browser such as www.xyz.com 

     2. The DNS maps the address to the specific IP address on the  Internet

     3. This search leads to the root server which knows Information on  all the 

          top level domains such as .com, .net , .org and other country level domains

          like .au , .in ,  .uk

     4. Root servers are located in every part of the  world  so it is being 

         automatically  directed to the specific location geographically

     5. After matching the correct root server it goes to the TLD also

         known as Top Level Domain.TLD search for second level  domain

         i.e part  before .com , .org.

     6. The request then goes to the Domain Name server which holds 

          information about the site and the IP address.

     7. After the IP address is discovered it is sent back  to  the client. 


   4. E-Mail Architecture:

      Electronic Mail or email is used to send and receive messages in Internet 

      electronically.Various Companies are providing email services to users

      like Gmail by Google, Rediffmail, Yahoomail, Microsoft account.

      Email basically has two separated by @ symbol for example  abc@gmail.com,

       here abc is the username given my the user itself during  making an account 

       and gmail.com is the domain name of the server on which the account 

       is created.

 

  5. Email Architecture:

                                                                    



      The Email architecture is composed of two parts:

         1.Email Client

         2. Email Server

         3.Protocols like SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) ,

            POP3(Post Office Protocol Version 3)

      When the user sends a mail to another user then the message is sent 

      to the user agents to make the sending and receiving of the mail easy.

      The mail is composed and send to the Message Transfer Agents  which

      follows some protocols like  SMTP , POP3, IMAP and then the message is 

      received  at another terminal by Message Access Agents and then the email 

      goes to the User agents  which receives it and provides to the end user

 

      

          

   

        

     


 

         



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